Initiation Sylvia Plath

Chantal Chau Analysis of a Key Passage, Initiation by Sylvia Plath In Initiation by Sylvia Plath, the author suggests that conformity and having friends is a wonderful idea, yet the idea of having an individual identity and being an individual is stronger. In the excerpt, Millicent is slowly realizing that conforming and being a part of a sorority is not as exciting as it sounds, and being an individual offers more opportunities to become a unique person. Millicent is an average girl who no one really notices, when one day, a sorority group decides to allow her to join, but she must past their initiation test first.At first, Millicent is ecstatic, and proud that she can finally be a part of society, but slowing, and in the beginning of the excerpt, Millicent finds that being an individual can offer more. As she is talking to Liane Morris, another sorority contestant, she finds that in the sorority â€Å"they have a meeting once a week†¦ each girl takes turns entertaining at her house†¦ †, and how this is not all as exciting as she imagined. Millicent’s desire to know what the group does reflects the idea of hesitation, and how Millicent is now wondering if she really wants to be a part of this group.As she considers both sides of her decision to join, she realizes that joining the sorority would simply allow her to approach Herb, a male student she likes. Her thought â€Å"would he ask her out (if he ever did) just for herself, no strings attached? † bring the desire to be unique and original up and pushes past the need to be popular. Millicent is constantly considering the idea of not joining the sorority, and visualizing them as â€Å"pale grey-brown birds in a flock, one like the other, all exactly alike†. This analogy of conformity is very strong, because in a sorority, every girl is alike, with shallow personalities and beautiful exteriors.The sparrows are described to be â€Å"chirping†, which brings the idea o f being plain and restrained to the mind, because when birds are chirping, they are not expressing themselves; rather they are simply copying the other birds, with no desire to stand out from the rest. In Millicent’s mind, freedom and originality is described as â€Å"swooping carefree heather birds, they would go singing and cooing out across the great spaces of air, dipping and darting, strong and proud in their freedom and their sometime loneliness†. Heather irds are a mythological animal, meaning freedom has no defined description that originality does not exist in a solid form. They are described to be â€Å"swooping, carefree†, meaning there is no worry of being judged, and â€Å"dipping and darting, strong in their freedom† describes the happiness of a worry free life, where style and opinions are not judged or withheld, unlike the â€Å"chirping†, trapped, restrained sparrows which symbolize the sorority. Heather birds were â€Å"singing a nd cooing out across the great spaces of air†, showing that they could express their ideas and opinions without worry, though loneliness was a consequence.In the excerpt, it was stated that the heather birds were â€Å"strong and proud in their freedom and their sometime loneliness†, meaning that there will always be unique people in the world Millicent can relate to, though at times the individuality will stand out, and she will be alone. Through this mental debate, Millicent learns discovers that she could enter her imaginary great hall through â€Å"her coronation as a princess labelling her conclusively as one of the select flock†, or use â€Å"other ways of getting into the great hall, blazing with lights, of people and life†.When read closely, we can see that the mentions the sorority as a flock, demoting them to nothing but a group of beautiful shells with hollow insides, one alike the other. It is then that her decision to use â€Å"other waysâ₠¬  to enter this great hall, without being simply a hollow princes. Just before she is actually accepted into the sorority, the door to the basement opens, and the description of the â€Å"ray of light† that â€Å"sliced across the soft gloom of the basement room† shows the difference between identical, shallow girls and the deeper, unique members of the world.The ray of light that sliced across the room symbolized the epiphany she had, how she now knows that she cannot be a part of the â€Å"soft gloom of the basement room†, where everyone is the same, there is nothing special about anyone. As Millicent is leaving the basement, she hears the â€Å"song of the heather birds as they went wheeling and gliding against wide blue horizons through vast spaces of air, their wings flashing quick and purple in the bright sun† and in her final decision, her heart and soul joins the heather birds she has always been.From the beginning, Millicent has always seem to have known that she could never be a shallow pretty girl; throughout the story, there are little clues of her reluctance to be part of the sorority, such as when she was talking to Lou, a member of the sorority, and discovering the many useless things the sorority does. But when she realizes she has more than just one option, Millicent suddenly becomes hopeful, and more positives changes arrive, such as â€Å"how she could still be friends with everybody†, how she can still be herself, while still being in a group. The group of original people.

Tok Essay Can We Trust Our Emotions in the Pursuit of Knowledge?

Grade awarded: B Criterion A6 Criterion B7 Criterion C6 Criterion D7 Total26 This is a good essay. Despite some localized difficulties (for example, lines 10–11, confusion with the truth tests, line 76, error with â€Å"a priori†) there is some sense of personal engagement and the essay does consistently identify relevant knowledge issues. Criterion A: Understanding knowledge issues Mark awarded: 6 The essay is consistently relevant to the title and there is evidence of real ambition and some attempt to use profound ideas (specifically Godel’s ideas (lines 20–26) and the evolutionary ideas of lines 96–97).However, the ideas are not always used effectively; there is clearly some understanding but it falls short of a â€Å"good† understanding. In particular, there is awareness that the idea of â€Å"truth† is problematic (for example, the introduction and lines 18–19) and its meaning is explored in different areas of knowledge (ma thematics, art, history, ethics, religion) and everyday events (the Iraq war, the table), but the handling of the issue is uneven and at times inconsistent. Criterion B: Knower’s perspective Mark awarded: 7The essay has a clear student voice, starting with an engaging introduction which understands—but is not prepared to countenance—total skepticism; despite the clumsy formulation (lines 4–5) one senses an awareness of alternative perspectives and a personal stand. The examples are appropriate, varied and reasonably effective (for example, lines 31–33, the gamelan; lines 20–26, a brave, if not entirely successful, attempt to concisely explain Godel’s ideas; lines 51–55, Texan law; lines 56–75, Iraq; lines 39–41, Hiroshima and Nagasaki).The quality and quantity show that the student can independently link the ideas to personal, academic and real-life situations, and are a strong feature of this essay. Criterion C: Quality of analysis of knowledge issues Mark awarded: 6 The analysis of issues is weaker than their identification, and the precise links between â€Å"context† and â€Å"truth† are not specified (for example, the examples of the gamelan and Dawkins are both potentially rich but undeveloped).While there is a sense of exploring the idea of truth in different contexts, the inquiry lacks depth and detail, and some conclusions are not adequately supported (for example, line 18, the conclusion â€Å"However†¦ contexts† is supported by examples from non-mathematical contexts; line 13, â€Å"make four because†¦Ã¢â‚¬  is an apparently unaware argument from authority; lines 20–26, Godel’s ideas are not used adequately; lines 28–30, â€Å"Perceptions†¦ view and place† is asserted rather than argued for).It might be argued that the extensive treatment of the Iraq war, while certainly showcasing the student’s perspective o n the issue, might be somewhat polemical rather than carefully argued. Claims of â€Å"emotive language, colourful†¦ fallacies† (lines 67–68) are not elaborated upon and, in the overall picture of the essay, this example seems to contradict the overall conclusion that â€Å"Margaret Atwood was right when she said that context is all† (line 101). Criterion D: Organization of ideas

Alcohol Use Disorder

Diagnosis The DSM-IV-TR classifies drug disorders into substance use disorders (substance dependence and abuse) and substance-induced disorders (substance intoxication, substance withdrawal, induced delirium, anxiety, depression, psychosis and mood disorders). Sometimes it is difficult assessing patient’s psychiatric complaints because heavy drinking is associated with alcoholism can co-exist with, contribute to or result from several different psychiatric syndromes. (Shivani, Goldsmith Anthenelli, 2002) In order to improve diagnostic accuracy, distinguishes among alcohol-related psychiatric symptoms and signs, alcohol-induced psychiatric syndromes and independent psychiatric disorders that are commonly associated with alcoholism emerges to be essential. Patients’ gender, family history, and course of illness over time also should be taken into account. Alcohol-related psychiatric symptoms and signs Heavy alcohol consumption directly affects brain function and brain chemical and hormonal systems known to be involved in many common mental disorders thus can manifest itself in a broad range of psychiatric symptoms and signs. (Koob, 2000) And this usually the first problem which brings the patients seek help. The symptoms vary depending on the amount of alcohol used, how long it is used and how recently it was used as well as patient’s vulnerability to experiencing psychiatric symptoms in the setting of consumption. For example, during intoxication, smaller amount alcohol may produce euphoria whereas larger amount may produce more dramatic changes in mood. Alcohol also impairs judgment and aggressive, antisocial behaviours that may mimic certain externalizing disorders such as ASPD. Alcohol-induced psychiatric syndromes The essential feature of alcohol-induced psychiatric syndromes is the presence of prominent and persistent symptoms, which are judged- based on their onset and course as well as on the patient’s history, physical exam, and laboratory findings to be the result of the direct physiological effects of alcohol. Given the broad range of effects of heavy drinking may have on psychological functioning, these alcohol-induced disorders span several categories of mental disorders, including mood, anxiety, psychotic, sleep, sexual, delirious, amnestic and dementia disorders. Alcoholism with comorbid, independent psychiatric disorders Alcoholism is also associated with several psychiatric disorders that develop independently of the alcoholism and may precede alcohol use and abuse. One of the most common of these comorbid conditions is ASPD, and axis II personality disorder marked by a longstanding pattern of irresponsibility and violating the rights of others with alcohol. (Stinson et al. , 2006) Assessment The three major purposes for a comprehensive assessment are to determine a diagnosis, devise a treatment plan and to make appropriate referrals. The assessment should provide a clinical picture of the client’s personal level of functioning, history, presenting problems, family and social context in the client’s life. It is very important that the assessment process requires the gathering of comprehensive, accurate information, for a valid diagnosis and appropriate treatment. – It is vital that the counsellor needs to collect valid and reliable information. Both formal diagnosis, as listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (APA, 1994) and informal diagnosis, if the client has had therapy in the past can be made. – Comprehensive assessment is essential in designing a treatment plan. The more information provided concerning the etiology, functioning level and prognosis of the problem, the better the treatment plan. – Comprehensive assessment also provides information in order to made appropriate referral. The counsellor may decide to provide treatment solely or in conjunction with some other drug treatment specialists. Generally there are three categories of assessment measures: subjective data and physiological data. -Subjective data To collect information of demographics, family and living situations, mployment, education, drinking history (including development of the drinking problem and current drinking) and the effects on the subject’s cognitive, psychosocial, behavioural and physiological functioning. (Aalto Seppa, 2005) For example, some questionnaires focus on problems caused by alcohol consumption, the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) (Saunders, Aasland, Babor, de le Fuente, Grant, 1993) There are ones with diaries focussing on the quantification of alcohol consumption, such as quantity-frequency, time-period or time-line follow-back methods. Webb et al. , 1990) More recently, a low level of response (LR) to alcohol (the need for higher amounts to have an effect) is a genetically influenced characteristic that is both found in populations at high risk for future alcoholism and that predicts alcohol related life problems in future. This Self-Rating of the Effects of Alcohol (SRE) questionnaire asks for estimate of number of drinks required to produce each of four effects at different times in their lives. Miller, Thomas, Mallin, 2006) In addition, the survey included the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-C (AUDIT-C), a three-question alcohol screening test adapted from the original AUDIT developed by the World Health Organization for use in primary health care. The AUDIT-C is a simple, reliable screening tool that focuses on the frequency of drinking, quantify consumed on the typical occasion and the frequency of heavy episode drinking. (Bush, Kivlahan, McDonnell, al. , 1998) Again, there is no such perfect measure that SRE was found to be biased and not able to identify high functioning middle-age women. Schuckit, Smith, Danko, Isacescu, 2003) The difficulty with these specific questionnaires is that people who drink alcohol in general tend to neglect or underestimate their alcohol consumption. (Koch et al. , 2004) The accuracy of these measures is based on the patient’s awareness of and willingness to acknowledge his or her pattern and level of alcohol use as well as negative effects of drinking. At least some individuals who drink excessively will fail to do this. (Allen Litten, 2001) – Physiological data Comparing to subjective data, physiological data can overcome the subjectivity, underestimation in particular thus provides more precise and objective information about the drinking issue. It includes general medical and psychiatric history and examination. This is conducted through screening of blood, breath or urine for alcohol used, further on laboratory tests for abnormalities that may be accompanied acute or chronic alcohol use such as gamma-glutamy-transferase (GGT) or mean corpuscular volume (MCV), a measure of the average size of red blood cells. These may also be used during treatment for potential relapse. GGT is the most commonly used biochemical measure of drinking. However, it is not clear how much drinking is actually needed to cause GGT levels to elevate. And MCV tends to miss more alcoholics than GGT as MCV may be elevated by a variety of conditions other than heavy drinking such as non-alcoholic liver disease, smoking, advanced age or use of anticonvulsants etc. Thus applying the usual cut-off points for these tests, GGT turns out to have a low specificity whereas MCV shows a low sensitivity. This may lead to a gross misunderstanding with the patient and unnecessary further testing. Carbohydrate deficient transferring (CDT) has been recently approved as a marker for identification of individuals with alcohol problems as well as an aid in recognizing if alcoholic patients in treatment have relapsed. CDT and GGT appear to validly detect somewhat different groups of people with alcohol problems. GGT may best pick up those with liver damage due to drinking, whereas CDT seems to be related to level of consumption with or without liver damage. It should be kept in mind that biomarkers do not identify women or adolescents with alcohol problems as they do for male or adults in general. (Similarly, self-report screening tests are also generally less able to detect alcohol problems) (Allen Litten, 2001) Previous studies showed that over 80% of internists and family clinicians report that they usually or always ask new outpatients whether they drink alcohol. Less than 20% of primary care physicians routinely use validated self-report alcohol screening instruments (e. g. CAGE questions or AUDIT) Fewer than half ask about maximum alcohol consumption on one occasion. Alcohol biomarker laboratory tests are rarely used. Reasons given by clinicians for not following recommended alcohol screening guidelines range from lack of time, to insufficient knowledge and skills, to pessimistic attitudes about the ultimate benefits of screening. A current study conducted by Miller, et al. , (2004), they found that approximately 60% of clinicians surveyed frequently screen patients for alcohol use with quantity/frequency and CAGE questions. This is comparable to the incidence of screening found in previous studies. (Miller, Ornstein, Nietert, Anton, 2004)Miller, et al. 2006) further found that over 90% of patients were in favour of screening and guidance about alcohol use and very positive about the use of biological alcohol markers. These findings suggest that physicians and clinicians may be convinced that patients are open to alcohol screening and would not be offended by it. Heavy drinkers may have more of a tendency to be embarrassed by such questions but there is no evidence they would be object to screening. The majority of patients would also be willing to receive alcohol biomarker blood tests, if their physicians and clinicians deemed such tests necessary. Alcohol Use Disorder Diagnosis The DSM-IV-TR classifies drug disorders into substance use disorders (substance dependence and abuse) and substance-induced disorders (substance intoxication, substance withdrawal, induced delirium, anxiety, depression, psychosis and mood disorders). Sometimes it is difficult assessing patient’s psychiatric complaints because heavy drinking is associated with alcoholism can co-exist with, contribute to or result from several different psychiatric syndromes. (Shivani, Goldsmith Anthenelli, 2002) In order to improve diagnostic accuracy, distinguishes among alcohol-related psychiatric symptoms and signs, alcohol-induced psychiatric syndromes and independent psychiatric disorders that are commonly associated with alcoholism emerges to be essential. Patients’ gender, family history, and course of illness over time also should be taken into account. Alcohol-related psychiatric symptoms and signs Heavy alcohol consumption directly affects brain function and brain chemical and hormonal systems known to be involved in many common mental disorders thus can manifest itself in a broad range of psychiatric symptoms and signs. (Koob, 2000) And this usually the first problem which brings the patients seek help. The symptoms vary depending on the amount of alcohol used, how long it is used and how recently it was used as well as patient’s vulnerability to experiencing psychiatric symptoms in the setting of consumption. For example, during intoxication, smaller amount alcohol may produce euphoria whereas larger amount may produce more dramatic changes in mood. Alcohol also impairs judgment and aggressive, antisocial behaviours that may mimic certain externalizing disorders such as ASPD. Alcohol-induced psychiatric syndromes The essential feature of alcohol-induced psychiatric syndromes is the presence of prominent and persistent symptoms, which are judged- based on their onset and course as well as on the patient’s history, physical exam, and laboratory findings to be the result of the direct physiological effects of alcohol. Given the broad range of effects of heavy drinking may have on psychological functioning, these alcohol-induced disorders span several categories of mental disorders, including mood, anxiety, psychotic, sleep, sexual, delirious, amnestic and dementia disorders. Alcoholism with comorbid, independent psychiatric disorders Alcoholism is also associated with several psychiatric disorders that develop independently of the alcoholism and may precede alcohol use and abuse. One of the most common of these comorbid conditions is ASPD, and axis II personality disorder marked by a longstanding pattern of irresponsibility and violating the rights of others with alcohol. (Stinson et al. , 2006) Assessment The three major purposes for a comprehensive assessment are to determine a diagnosis, devise a treatment plan and to make appropriate referrals. The assessment should provide a clinical picture of the client’s personal level of functioning, history, presenting problems, family and social context in the client’s life. It is very important that the assessment process requires the gathering of comprehensive, accurate information, for a valid diagnosis and appropriate treatment. – It is vital that the counsellor needs to collect valid and reliable information. Both formal diagnosis, as listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (APA, 1994) and informal diagnosis, if the client has had therapy in the past can be made. – Comprehensive assessment is essential in designing a treatment plan. The more information provided concerning the etiology, functioning level and prognosis of the problem, the better the treatment plan. – Comprehensive assessment also provides information in order to made appropriate referral. The counsellor may decide to provide treatment solely or in conjunction with some other drug treatment specialists. Generally there are three categories of assessment measures: subjective data and physiological data. -Subjective data To collect information of demographics, family and living situations, mployment, education, drinking history (including development of the drinking problem and current drinking) and the effects on the subject’s cognitive, psychosocial, behavioural and physiological functioning. (Aalto Seppa, 2005) For example, some questionnaires focus on problems caused by alcohol consumption, the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) (Saunders, Aasland, Babor, de le Fuente, Grant, 1993) There are ones with diaries focussing on the quantification of alcohol consumption, such as quantity-frequency, time-period or time-line follow-back methods. Webb et al. , 1990) More recently, a low level of response (LR) to alcohol (the need for higher amounts to have an effect) is a genetically influenced characteristic that is both found in populations at high risk for future alcoholism and that predicts alcohol related life problems in future. This Self-Rating of the Effects of Alcohol (SRE) questionnaire asks for estimate of number of drinks required to produce each of four effects at different times in their lives. Miller, Thomas, Mallin, 2006) In addition, the survey included the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-C (AUDIT-C), a three-question alcohol screening test adapted from the original AUDIT developed by the World Health Organization for use in primary health care. The AUDIT-C is a simple, reliable screening tool that focuses on the frequency of drinking, quantify consumed on the typical occasion and the frequency of heavy episode drinking. (Bush, Kivlahan, McDonnell, al. , 1998) Again, there is no such perfect measure that SRE was found to be biased and not able to identify high functioning middle-age women. Schuckit, Smith, Danko, Isacescu, 2003) The difficulty with these specific questionnaires is that people who drink alcohol in general tend to neglect or underestimate their alcohol consumption. (Koch et al. , 2004) The accuracy of these measures is based on the patient’s awareness of and willingness to acknowledge his or her pattern and level of alcohol use as well as negative effects of drinking. At least some individuals who drink excessively will fail to do this. (Allen Litten, 2001) – Physiological data Comparing to subjective data, physiological data can overcome the subjectivity, underestimation in particular thus provides more precise and objective information about the drinking issue. It includes general medical and psychiatric history and examination. This is conducted through screening of blood, breath or urine for alcohol used, further on laboratory tests for abnormalities that may be accompanied acute or chronic alcohol use such as gamma-glutamy-transferase (GGT) or mean corpuscular volume (MCV), a measure of the average size of red blood cells. These may also be used during treatment for potential relapse. GGT is the most commonly used biochemical measure of drinking. However, it is not clear how much drinking is actually needed to cause GGT levels to elevate. And MCV tends to miss more alcoholics than GGT as MCV may be elevated by a variety of conditions other than heavy drinking such as non-alcoholic liver disease, smoking, advanced age or use of anticonvulsants etc. Thus applying the usual cut-off points for these tests, GGT turns out to have a low specificity whereas MCV shows a low sensitivity. This may lead to a gross misunderstanding with the patient and unnecessary further testing. Carbohydrate deficient transferring (CDT) has been recently approved as a marker for identification of individuals with alcohol problems as well as an aid in recognizing if alcoholic patients in treatment have relapsed. CDT and GGT appear to validly detect somewhat different groups of people with alcohol problems. GGT may best pick up those with liver damage due to drinking, whereas CDT seems to be related to level of consumption with or without liver damage. It should be kept in mind that biomarkers do not identify women or adolescents with alcohol problems as they do for male or adults in general. (Similarly, self-report screening tests are also generally less able to detect alcohol problems) (Allen Litten, 2001) Previous studies showed that over 80% of internists and family clinicians report that they usually or always ask new outpatients whether they drink alcohol. Less than 20% of primary care physicians routinely use validated self-report alcohol screening instruments (e. g. CAGE questions or AUDIT) Fewer than half ask about maximum alcohol consumption on one occasion. Alcohol biomarker laboratory tests are rarely used. Reasons given by clinicians for not following recommended alcohol screening guidelines range from lack of time, to insufficient knowledge and skills, to pessimistic attitudes about the ultimate benefits of screening. A current study conducted by Miller, et al. , (2004), they found that approximately 60% of clinicians surveyed frequently screen patients for alcohol use with quantity/frequency and CAGE questions. This is comparable to the incidence of screening found in previous studies. (Miller, Ornstein, Nietert, Anton, 2004)Miller, et al. 2006) further found that over 90% of patients were in favour of screening and guidance about alcohol use and very positive about the use of biological alcohol markers. These findings suggest that physicians and clinicians may be convinced that patients are open to alcohol screening and would not be offended by it. Heavy drinkers may have more of a tendency to be embarrassed by such questions but there is no evidence they would be object to screening. The majority of patients would also be willing to receive alcohol biomarker blood tests, if their physicians and clinicians deemed such tests necessary.

Difference between the USA and UK government type and the difference Essay

Difference between the USA and UK government type and the difference in the checks and balances. (UK unwritten checks and balances list) (USA written checks and balances) - Essay Example UK’s unwritten checks and balances ascribe the legislature with sovereignty and other judicial bodies do not object the statutes that result from the legislature. In a way, this gives the government seemingly unconstrained power because the majority party has the power to pass many bills. USA’s written checks and balances are different because they are codified and this gives them authority. These checks and balances limit and bind all political institutions and establish a hierarchy of law. USA’s political institutions are subjected to judicial review, the judiciary can override a decision by the executive, and the executive can veto a decision made by the legislature (Hauss 459). UK’s unwritten checks and balances recognizes the powers of the monarch as a forth arm of the government in the UK. For example, the queen can dissolve or refuse to dissolve the parliament during emergency. On the other hand, USA’s written checks and balances recognize the judiciary, legislature, and executive as the three arms of government. The checks and balances provide that only the executive can force the legislature to adjourn. UK’s unwritten checks and balances provide that a judges’ council appoint senior judicial elements. Conversely, USA’s written checks and balances task the executive with the role of appointing judges that the legislature approves (Hauss 460). The unwritten checks and balances of the UK stipulate that courts can decide whether a document is a genuine Act. Different from this stipulation, USA’s checks and balance allow the judicial arm of government to interpret the law. UK’s unwritten checks and balance allows the Lord Chancellor to impeach judges while according to USA’s checks and balances, the legislature can impeach judges. UK’s unwritten checks and balances stipulate that the House of the Lords be not democratically elected whereas USA’s written

Culture Diversity in Children's Development Essay

Culture Diversity in Children's Development - Essay Example Development can only be fully understood when it is viewed in the larger cultural context. Â  child's culture may be the mainstream or dominant culture, or it may be one of many subcultures that can be found in almost any country. Children's experiences and expectations redetermined by their local communities, particularly political and economic state, and specific ethnic or cultural groups. Therefore, each child needs education services that take into account their diverse cultural, economic and ethnic backgrounds. Â  s the world becomes the global village, few countries can lay claim to a truly homogeneous population. Today, multicultural diversity characterizes most countries, for the hs enormous implications for early childhood educators. It highlights the need for dialogue among early childhood educators, both within their own communities and with colleagues from other countries. This collegial communication deepens early childhood educators' understanding of children's similarities and differences. Much in be gained by learning about other countries' values, expectations, and practices that relate to children and education. New (2006) argued that these multiple perspectives broaden educators' understanding of education and children's development, both of which are particularly important in defining early education goals and priorities for the 21st century. Â  Children do not come to preschool, child care centers or elementary school s "blank sites" on the topic of diversity. Facing and understanding what underlies their thoughts and feelings rekey to empowering children to resist bis. The following is the brief summary of research about how children develop rail identity and attitudes: Â  * s early s 6 months, infants notice skin color differences. (Ktz, 2007) Â  * By 2 years of age, children not only notice, they also ask questions about differences and similarities among people. Â  * How we answer children's questions and respond to their ides is crucial to their level of comfort when learning about diversity. Statements such s, "It's not polite to ask," "I'll tell you later" or "It doesn't matter," do not help children form positive ides bout themselves or pro-diversity dispositions toward others. (Damn-Sparks & BC Task Force, 2006) Â  * Between 2 1/2 to 3 1/2 years of age, children also become were off and begin to absorb socially prevailing negative stereotypes, feelings, and ideas about people, including themselves. ll children re-exposed to these attitudes in one form or another, usually through a combination of sources (parents, extended family, neighbors, teachers, friends, TV, children's books, movies). (Damn-Sparks & BC Task Force, 2006) Â  

Echo Planar Imaging, or EPI, Fast Imaging Techniques (MRI) Essay - 1

Echo Planar Imaging, or EPI, Fast Imaging Techniques (MRI) - Essay Example Different results have been found from different body areas which have varying magnetic field strengths thus such body areas end up having varying processional water frequencies. Blood has been observed to have the highest susceptibility as it has iron contents as one of its components. Compositions based on water also have high susceptibility in comparison with air (McRobbie 2007) (a) List the parameters that could be changed to optimize the EPI image in this case, plus how you would change the parameter (i.e. increase or decrease). (2 marks) Slew rate and the receiver bandwidth Each of the listed parameters has a different way of changing it. For example, the case of slew rate increment, an overall reduction in echo spacing as well as reduction in geometric distortion is required for it to be altered. For receiver bandwidth to be increased, an overall reduction in echo spacing, signal to noise ratio and geometric distortion need to be lowered (Van Der Zwaag, at el. 2012, p. 129) In a normal scenario, MR equipments take their time until the trapezoid gradient gets to the flat top. When this time comes, the data points will then be sampled by the MR equipments in the direction of the frequency. This implies that no data acquisition takes place during the rise time. The rise time refers to the time when the gradient is not yet at its minimum or maximum amplitude. However, by employing ramp sampling method, the data points witnessed during the readout gradient switching can be acquired during the rise time. a) Two different features can be used while employing ramp sampling, and they include; 1. Having the geometric distortion minimized; ramp sampling can be used to reduce the flat top while at the same time keeping the Nx constant. This implies that the echo spacing can be decreased consequently minimizing geometric distortion. 2. Increasing resolution; by keeping the flat top at the same level, more Nx data points can be fitted during readout and thus increasin g the overall resolution. b). Using Conjugate Synthesis; Conjugate synthesis is a symmetry property which means that only half of the raw data spaces in the whole MR can be acquired to come up with a Mr image that is complete. The most desirable means to achieving high resolution during a single shot EPI experiments is through having the readout duration on the ky to be as long as possible so as to have only the negative and positive kx values. c). Slew rate enhancement d). Echo train length reduction e) Making use of shimming to minimize distortion d). Employing parallel imaging to minimize echo spacing f) . Making use of Multi shot EPI so as to ensure that there are no cases of phase errors building up. g). Through increasing the TE which will in turn increase the transverse magnetization hence larger T2* and T2 (b) Discuss the chain of consequences if you optimize the image by increasing the receiver bandwidth. (4 marks) Receiver bandwidth generally describes how fast an MR signa l can be digitized. In cases where the receiver bandwidth is generally higher, there is a corresponding faster digitization of the produced image. This is because the aspect of receiver bandwidth is inversely proportional to the time taken during the imaging process. The receiver bandwi

One Hundred Years of Solitude Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

One Hundred Years of Solitude - Research Paper Example eceived its inspiration from European and North American Modernism and on the other hand it also drew influence from the Cuban Vanguardia or more popularly known as Vanguard Literary Movement. The novel founded its plot on the story from the historical context or this can be also taken as a sort of chronicle turned into drama. The novel is based on the life of the multi-generational Buendia Family. The patriarch of the family, Jose Arcadio Buendia was the founder of the town named Macondo. This town is actually metaphoric of the township on which the plot of the novel throbs, the metaphorical Columbia. The story is basically non-linear in pattern and the narrative structure of the novel is unique as it is narrated through different time periods. This technique was adapted by Garcia from the Argentine author named Jorge Luis Borges. He used this technique in his creations like ‘The Garden of Forking Paths’ of 1941. It is important to note that in style and theme, the novel ‘One Hundred Years of Solitude’ is representative of the literary creation of the Latin American Boom period of 1960s and 1970s (Wood, â€Å"Garcia Marquez 100 Years of Solitud e†). The novel ‘One Hundred Years of Solitude’ written in the year of 1967, presents the story of seven generations of Buendia Family and their lives at the town founded by them called Macondo. The founding member of Macondo, Jose Arcadio Buendia and his wife Ursula who was also his first cousin, are shown leaving Riohacha at Colombia and headed towards a new destination in search of a better life. The search for a better life and a new home launches them to build a city of utopia and hence they find themselves on a riverbank from where their dream for a world is decked up with visionary mission starts. While camping on the riverbank itself, Jose dreams of a city of mirrors that shall bear the reflection of the world in and about it. After awakening form that dream, Jose decided to shape his dreams and starts

Critically evaluate the use of the Cognitive Interview in the Essay

Critically evaluate the use of the Cognitive Interview in the investigative interview of witnesses - Essay Example In order to prove this argument, the first section discusses the uses and success of CI techniques. The next section discusses the weaknesses and limitations of the method. And the last section analyses the merits of the arguments from both sides of the debate. Information acquired during an investigation has to contain enough important details. In order to achieve this objective, psychologists have tried to create procedures, particularly for the interview of witnesses. This process is based on two assumptions. First is that the witness in an interview is basically making an effort to remember the events that took place. Hence everything that can assist the process of remembering should be given much importance. Second is the interaction between the investigator and the witness (Canter & Youngs, 2009). Interactions that are encouraging and accommodating tend to acquire more relevant information. The cognitive interview (CI) has been created to improve these two. Geiselman and colleagues (1985) conducted a systematic assessment of the CI process. The research participants watched a fabricated crime and then were interviewed using hypnosis, a usual interview, and cognitive interview. The researchers discovered that the cognitive interview was actually the most effective in extracting more information or details from the witness. Several later studies have verified the effectiveness of CI in drawing out more information from witnesses. Several studies also confirm that the information acquired through CI is more correct. The findings of many studies reveal that with constant error rates, CI improves information significantly (Esgate, Groome, & Baker, 2005). Kebbell and Wagstaff (1999) comprehensively studied the forensic efficacy of cognitive interview and demonstrate how the procedure relates to the psychology of memory, communication, and social aspects. For instance, they observe that

Packaging Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Packaging Design - Essay Example Protection from foreign particles entry; the products are protected from entry of oxygen, dust, bacterial, viruses, water, chemicals and other harmful agents that may destroy or degrade the working parts. Agglomeration: through packaging, small objects are grouped together to form one package. Packaging eases the process of transport, warehousing and distribution. Products like liquids, powders, air and chemicals are easily handled when packaged. There are many types of packaging materials that are commonly used. These materials differ from product to product and are also affected by the mode of transportation, costs, warehousing, customer's demands and many other factors. In the recent past, great concerns have been put forward by the environmentalist regarding the pollution by packaging materials. Most packaging materials are discarded once the product reaches the customer. This has significant effects on the dumping and pollution especially if the packaging material is made of plastic or glass or any other non degradable material. This has resulted to the introduction of recyclable packaging materials, materials reuse and use of biodegradable plastics. Consequently, symbols of quality, recycling symbol, the green dot symbol have all be introduced on the packaging materials. ... Consequently, symbols of quality, recycling symbol, the green dot symbol have all be introduced on the packaging materials. This papers studies packaging materials for lighting applications, their effects to the environments and also studies which of the materials are recyclable and environmentally friendly as well as the current techniques used to improve packaging to prevent dumping and accumulation of these materials in landfills. Types of lighting application There are many types of lighting applications these include; Incandescent bulbs Fluorescent lights Compact fluorescent lights (CFL) Metal halide bulbs Light emitting diodes (LED) Special lights (infra-red lights and X ray lights ) Lighting accessories such as sockets, switches and lamp bases There are various packaging materials for these different lighting. Incandescent bulb The incandescent bulb has several packaging materials. These materials include the glass bulb, that houses the internal parts of the bulb that is, the filament, the metallic base that aids in the connecting the bulb to the electrical supply. The outside packaging of the bulb includes a carton that carries the bulb. The outer carton varies from one manufacturer to another; some types of packaging are illustrated below. Single bulb color box packing that is used to house one bulb Figure 1: Carton for packaging a single bulb and double pack bulb packaging: (source: QML. 2009. Incandescent bulb. http://www.alibaba.com/product-gs/200800532/Incandescent_Bulb.html) After packaging the bulb in individual small cartons, the bulbs are then packaged into a large carton for transportation. Large carton where incandescent bulbs are packaged Figure 2: large Carton for packaging

Percy Jackson and the Lightning Theif Essay Example for Free

Percy Jackson and the Lightning Theif Essay Percy Jackson and the Lightning Thief is an amazing book (in my opinion) that was created by Rick Riordan. I enjoyed this book a lot because of all the detain that Mr. Riordan had put into the book and with all of the facts about Ancient Greek myths, I picked it out in the first place because I had became really interested in finding out about different cultures which included Greece . The main character, Percy Jackson, lives in New York city with his mother, Sally Jackson his lazy step-father, Gabe Ugliano. Later on in the story, Percy finds himself living in Camp Half-Blood with his best friend, Grover Underwood. Camp Half-Blood is for children with Greek Godly parents. All children who go to the camp have ADHD Dyslexia. The camp is on Long Island Sound and is funded by a strawberry farm that the camp takes care of. I think that the book is placed in the modern days. You can figure it out because in the camp, you are forbidden from bringing any electronics, such as cell phones since it can easily attract monsters. One of the main events in the book is when Percy and his class are on a field trip to the Museum of Natural History. As his history teacher, Mr.  Brunner babbles on about the museum, Ms. Dodds (a teacher who came along) pulls Percy away from the group and into the Roman Greek center. Just after entering the room (no one else is in there), Ms. Dodds turns into this hideous monster with glowing red eyes, wings long fingers. Obviously, she wasnt human. Ms. Dodds lunges at Percy (who was still confused and shocked) until Mr. Brunner comes running into the room. The history teacher throws a pen at Percy and out comes a sword that Mr. Brunner used in class during special events. Percy kills Ms.  Dodds after that (she turns into gold dust) and later returns to the school bus. Nobody in his class remembers Ms. Dodds when Percy asked Grover, he looked very nervous before replying. Obviously, something was going on. A second major event is when Percy and his mom go to Montauk stay in a cabin at the beach where his mother and father had met. Later at night, a hurricane is starting to form Grover suddenly shows up with (as Percy describes it) Shag carpet pants on . Grover urges Percy and his mom to leave immediately the three of them hop into Sallys car. Percy soon learns that Grover is actually a satyr though he had called him a half-goat at first which offended Grover. As their car speeds away from the cabin, a strike of lightening hits the car which makes the car swivel into a ditch giving them an image of a beast of some sort charging towards their car. The three of them escape the car and run (Though Grover was unconscious). The beast was actually a minotaur (half-man, half-bull) and it kills Sally. Percy builds up his strength and pulls out its horn and stabs it, turning it into dust. He soon passes out. That event gave Percy the urge to go rescue is mother from the Underworld. . Later in the story, Percy finds out who his father really is. The camp decides to play capture the flag. Percy is assigned to patrol a small creek by Annabeth Chase (daughter of Athena) is suddenly attacked by a group of Ares children, Clarisse La Rue her siblings. They came back for revenge because he had humiliated her and her siblings by shooting toilet water in their faces just as Clarisse was about to shove his face into the toilet. Clarisse charges at Percy with her electric spear given to her as a gift and Percy stumbles into the creek. Instead of feeling weak, he suddenly feels a sudden surge of power go through his r his head. Poseidon. . . Earth shaker, Storm binger, Father of horses, Hail Perseus Jackson. son of the Sea God. body. But then something happened. The water seemed to wake my senses, as if Id just had a bag of my moms double-espresso jelly beans . Percy, suddenly feeling a lot of strength, fights back against Clarisse her siblings until they are all defeated. Percy even snaps Clarisses spear in half. Luke Castellan (son of Hermes) captures the flag for Percys team Percy tries to step out of the water, suddenly feeling weak again. Suddenly, a black hound the size of a rhino, with lava-red eyes and fangs like daggers appears out of nowhere and attacks Percy, ripping through his armour. Chiron (Aka: Mr. Brunner and centaur) shoots several arrows at it and Percy staggers back into the water and an image of a trident appears ove Another main event is when Percy finds out who had stolen Zeus Master Hades Helm of Darkness before returning to camp half-blood, Percy had gotten into fight with Ares, the God of War. The war God had given Percy a backpack in the beginning of his quest inside of it was Zeus bolt the entire time. Ares confesses that he stole the Helm of Darkness and Lightning Bolt from the original thief, planning on making a war between Hades Zeus. Percy and Ares get into a fight Percy eventually wins, earning the Helm of Darkness, A helmet of Hades that was stolen from him. Percy, Annabeth Grover fly to New York from California to return the bolt to Mt. Olympus on the top of Empire State Building. Percy returns the lightning bolt alone while Annabeth Grover go back to the camp. After returning the bolt, Percy meets his father and who had acknowledged him as his son. Percy returns to Camp Half-Blood as a hero at the end of summer, Luke Castellan confesses to Percy that he had stolen the bolt helm before attempting to kill him with a scorpion. Luke runs away while Percy is saved by a group of wood nymphs . The main character is of course, Percy Jackson . He is described fairly tall, good looking with bright green eyes and jet black hair. Percy is introduced as a troubled twelve year old. His green eyes often remind his mother of his father. Percy is considered very troubled. He gets irritated when called by his first name which is Perseus and has been expelled from every single school that he had been to. Throughout the book, Percy becomes stronger in both physical and mental ways. He becomes more brave, confident, and learns that he is a natural leader. Percy is also very willing to risk his life for others. He showed that trait by journeying to the underworld to get his mother back. Percy hopes that he can bring back Zeus Master Bolt get his mother back before its too late. Percy is described the protagonist in the book while the antagonist isnt exactly shown until later in the book. While Percy, Annabeth and Grover do the best they can while out on the quest, Luke Castellan was the unsuspecting villain. Luke always acted nice towards Percy, trying to get close. When he had given Percy flying shoes to help him in the quest, Luke had meant it to lead Percy to his death. Overall, I enjoyed this book a lot and I give it a nine out of ten. The book is filled with lots of adventure (theres never a dull moment) comedy things that people now a days would consider, fake or untrue even though it is very interesting. I recommend this book to all ages but a bit more to people ages 10 to 12, even teenagers. I recommend it around that age because thats around the age where you start to become more curious about things out there in the world. You start to become more open and realize what you really are interested in and Percy Jackson and The Lightning Thief is a great book to realize what types of book genre youre interested in it helps show you that there is always a hidden potential inside of you.

E-commerce site launch bicyclesforyou.Com

E-commerce site launch bicyclesforyou.Com Task 1 You need to do some research to familiarise yourself with the subject area and to gain some ideas about how you can carry out the rest of the project. There are a number of websites that specialise in the sale of bicycles. Use a maximum of 1 hour to review these resources. Bookmark the relevant sites and make notes of information that you can use in your assignment. http://www.avoncycles.com/ http://www.herocycles.com/about.php http://www.gtbicycles.com/are/bikes http://www.atlascyclesonepat.com/ http://www.trekbikes.com/us/en/ Bicycle companies having e-commerce sites provide information service related to different product range of bicycles they sell with images and descriptions, which suites all age group and gender. It also updates on latest technology, upcoming new quality of product and manufacturing details related to the product. For building relationship and trust, customer feedbacks are requested for improving the product quality and services. Customers can get information on availability of product from respective showrooms or distributor / dealer located in the region. Promotion offers details are available on the site. The e-commerce works in combination to traditional commerce strategy of selling the product to end users. Task 2 Produce a project plan for the way you intend to complete the rest of this assignment. For planning, use the timescale you have been allocated for this assignment i.e. from the date you start to the date you submit your assignment. Submit a copy of your plan to your tutor BEFORE you proceed further with the assignment. Task 3 Using PowerPoint or a similar tool, prepare a maximum of twelve slides that could be used to form the basis of a presentation to the owner of Bicycles For You. The first part of the presentation should explain how a SWOT analysis can be used to identify potential e-commerce opportunities within a company. The second part of the presentation should address the potential benefits that e-commerce could bring to Bicycles For You. For this you should list and briefly describe SIX benefits that you believe e-commerce could bring to the company, taking full account of their existing methods of operation. The power point presentation copy is enclosed with this assignment. Task 4 Write a short briefing document of no more than 1200 words that describes each of the following marketing activities and explains the role that they can play in helping to ensure the effective promotion of the new e-commerce site: Branding, E-mail marketing, Banner adverts, CRM, Search engine optimization. Branding: A brand represents a distinguish pattern of qualities and behaviour that gives the consumer a strong sense of security. There should be consistency in e-commerce branding. It is how consumer perceives your companys image and differentiates the product from all others in the market. It will help in promoting the newly e-commerce site by extending the existing product range on the web. With brand leveraging, the dominant positions can be extended to other products and services. Transferring existing brands to the web is much easier and less expensive. With clearly communication through right message, impressive visuals and delivering true market values will an important part of promoting the e-commerce site. The companys URL should always be included on product packaging. Integrating the URL with company logo on brochures can also be helpful in getting the work out about the web site. Ensuring that the site appears in search engine listings is also very important. E-mail marketing: E-mail marketing is about communicating to the consumers using electronic mail. It is very powerful element in any companys advertising strategy. For having an effective dialog with their customers on the launch of new e-commerce site, company can use automated e-mail communications. As the conversion rates on requested e-mail messages range from 10 percent to more than 30 percent, which are much higher than the click-through rates on banner ads. This will benefit the company in promoting the existing business through new e-commerce site. The marketing strategy of sending specific information only to people who have indicated an interest in receiving information about the product or service being promoted should be more successful. Email message with hyperlinks inserted will guide customers to the companys website and induce them to stay on the site and consider making purchases. Banner adverts: A banner add is a small rectangular object on a web page that displays stationery or moving graphic and includes a hyperlink to the advertisers web site. Banners ads are versatile advertising vehicles with graphical images which help increase awareness about company web site and its product. Companies use other web sites to display their banner ads through exchange network, place ads on web sites that appeal to one of the companys market segments and pays to those sites to carry the ads, using banner advertising network. CRM: Customer relationship management is about managing companys interaction with customers. Technology-enabled customer relationship management occurs when a firm obtains detailed information about a customers behaviour, preferences, needs, and buying patterns, and uses that information to set prices, add product features. With the existing customer database the marketing campaign for promoting of new e-commerce site can be done through direct email.ÂÂ   The e-commerce site will benefit company by creating and tracking specific web activities that help develop the client relationship. Search engine optimization: Search engine marketing is the medium about promoting the companys website by increasing its visibility on the search engine and improve the ranking of your website. Assigning specific keywords for the new e-commerce site, website pages can achieve higher ranking in search results with help of optimization. Task 5 Write a short report (of no more than 600 words) that defines what is meant by supply chain management and describes how this can be used to develop closer links with suppliers and provide enhanced services for customers. Supply chain management is the management of a network of interconnected businesses involved in the ultimate provision of product and service package required by end customers. It is a cross-function approach including managing the movement of raw materials into an organization, certain aspects of the internal processing of materials into finished goods, and the movement of finished goods out of the organization and delivering to the end-consumer. The purpose of supply chain management is to improve trust and collaboration among supply chain partners, thus improving inventory visibility and the velocity of inventory movement. By engaging suppliers in cooperative, long-term relationships, companies have found that they can work together with suppliers to identify new ways to provide their own customers with faster cheaper and better services. By using internet, companies simply have better and more far-reaching ways to spend up the information flow process and make it more effective. Continual communication and information sharing are key elements in building trust. Customer service can be enhanced by effective supply chain:- Better product delivery With quality information available across all the major points in the companys supply chain, the performance of the company in delivering the correct product, to the correct place, at the correct time, in the correct condition and packaging, in the correct quantities, with the correct documentation, to the correct customer will increase significantly and customers will be served better. Better responsiveness When the supply chain is running effectively, it becomes easier for a company to provide accurate information to its customers regarding any product or activity because the information is readily available. Better reliability If the supply chain becomes more reliable, the individual member companies (called partners) also become more reliable, at least from a customer service point of view because they tend to give more reliable deliveries and responses to queries. Faster Responsiveness The speed at which a supply chain provides products to the customer and resolves their problems improves dramatically, primarily because obtaining the information that customers need requires less effort and fewer procedures. Without supply chain management, many departments requested information from the partners by placing telephone calls. After the call was made, an employee was assigned to handle the particular query. Responding to the queries frequently involved counting items and retaking stock and other time -wasting procedures. Real time information systems in a well designed supply chain eliminate all these procedures and giving speedier returns. Task 6 Write a briefing note (of no more than 500 words) that lists FIVE main security threats that could pose a risk to the operation of the new e-commerce site. Explain the risks that each of these threats could pose to the site and briefly describe FIVE specific countermeasures that could be put in place to protect against these threats. The five main security threats that will pose a risk to the operation of new e-commerce site are as explained below: Confidentiality threat Confidentiality is the prevention of unauthorized information disclosure. It allows only authorized parties to read protected information. Breaching confidentiality on the internet is not difficult. If any customer login to ‘Bicycle For You website that contains a form with text boxes for name, address and e-mail address. When the required information is entered and the information is sent to the web-server for processing, the captured data and the HTTP request to send the data to the server is then sent. If the customer changes his mind and goes to some other website, the other website may choose to collect web demographics and log the URL from the site which the customer just came. By this way the other website breaches the confidentiality by recording the secret information the user has entered. Integrity threat An integrity threat exists when an unauthorized party can alter a message stream of information. Unprotected banking transactions are subject to integrity violations. Some other website can represent your website as an original, creating havoc on website. Using security hole in a domain name server, perpetrators can substitute the address of their own website in place of your companys website to spoof website visitors. Integrity threat can alter vital financial information of the company and its customers. Availability threat The purpose of availability threat, also known as delay or denial threat, is to disrupt normal computer processing or to deny processing entirely. It involves getting the server to perform a large number of mundane tasks, exceeding the capacity of the server to cope with any other task. Slowing the internet service will drive customers to competitors website. Database threat E-commerce systems store user data and retrieve product information from database connected to the web server. Database connected to your companys e-commerce site contains valuable and private information that can damage the company if it were disclosed or altered. If someone hacks user authentication information, then private and costly information can be revealed. Communication channel threat The internet serves as the electronic chain linking a customer to an e-commerce resource. Weak access points in information infrastructure and security that can expose company information and trade secrets. The specific countermeasures to protect against security threats are:- Secure Socket Layer (SSL) As there is enormous amount of information exchange over the internet, secure socket layer is a protocol which encrypts data between the customers computer and the websites server. With the use of secure socket layer, when the clients sends the request to access the company site, the browser identifies the server as a trusted entity and passes encryption key information back and forth. Server firewall Firewall protects the server and network from virus attacks and hackers trying to access the personal and confidential information. Having a firewall on the newly e-commerce site will block hackers from accessing to any customer information. It ensures that requests can only enter the system from specified ports and in some cases ensures that all accesses are only from certain physical machines. Password Policies Ensure password policies are enforced for customers and internal users as well. Task 7 Put together an outline project plan for the development and launch of the Bicycles For You e-commerce site. This should be made up of TEN key project stages and associated objectives, together with a brief description of each. The project plan should also include the associated timescales for undertaking these project stages and achieving the specified objectives. The project plan for launch of new e-commerce site for Bicycles For You will be executed in different stages as explained below: Benefits With the growing demand for its product range, company is interested in business expansion and increase profits. There is a potential of increasing sales and decrease costs. E-commerce increases the speed and accuracy with which businesses can exchange information, which reduces costs on both side of transactions. Project Scope Define goals for undertaking this project. Specifications about business model which fit for e-commerce site. Estimated time, cost, schedule for launching new e-commerce site. The objective shall be to create and maintain a high revenue e-commerce site which will be one of a kind in the bicycle industries, by developing a new and successful e-commerce business using a combination of e-commerce business models. The site will use business to consumer and business to business models. Research Conduct a research on existing business model and for e-commerce business model. Research on products and services which customer demand. Designing the website and technical requirements Design the website which should be fresh and appealing, caters to the interests and preferences of your intended market audiences. It should develop a smooth user interface, which makes customer experience enjoyable and pleasant. Approach a service provider for website hosting. Regular site maintenance is necessary to update content, perform technical upgrades. Review of risks measure Identify and research possible risks regarding starting up a new e-commerce site, technology costs and marketing / advertising costs. Security control issues for protection and continued operations, if the site goes down due to technical glitches. Testing Several functional testing is required prior to the launch of the website. Checking browser compatibility for accessing the website, testing of java scripts flash and other plug-ins for running the visuals and search functionalities. Marketing Extensive marketing campaign for the launch of new e-commerce site will be carried out. Branding, social media, direct email and search engine visibility will be used means of marketing for the launch of new e-commerce site. Creating a domain name thats easy to recall and resonates your brand, product and services. Post-launch After the launch of e-commerce site, monitor and respond to feedback received from consumer. Updating the site content based on changes in the product development and business process management.

Generations Repeated :: essays research papers

Sine the start of the town Macondo, the Buendia family has made very poor decisions in their lifetime. The choices they have made have caused the generations from then on to be repeated. Descisions that had been made in the beginning were being made in the end. In the novel, One Hundred Years Of Solitude, Gabriel Garcia Marquez displays how poor decisions made in he beginning can effect life in the future. At the end of the book, Gabriel Garcia Marquez tells how aureliano has finished classifying the alphebet of the parchments made by Melquiedes six generations before. For instance, he says, "Melquiedes revealed to him that his opportunities to return to the room were limited" (Marquez 384). Melquiedes is warning him and trying to let him know that he will never be able to leave and have a normal life outside of Macondo. The mistakes made from his ancestors had condemned him to never getting out of Macondo. Initially, One critic states that the character is wishing to treasure his origins: the cost he pays is large because, in doing so, he is obligated to forget about his future.(Alicia Borinsky) The critic is sayin the author is wishing to find his origins. Resulting from families mistakes, he will have to pay and forget about his future. Everything that his family had done in the past, he will have to pay for in the future. While reading the prophecies, Aureliano discovers the mystery of the family. For instance, the author says, "Before reading the final line, however, he had already understood that he would never leave that room, for it was foreseen that the city of mirors(or mirages) would be wiped out by the wind and exiled from the memory of men at the precise moment when Aureliano Babilonia would finish deciphering the parchments, and that everything written on them was unrepeatable since time immemorial and forever more, because races condemned to one hundred years of solitude did not havea second opportunity on earth" (Marquez 448). The prophecies tell him he will never be able to leave the city. He will be exiled from his memory of everything. One critic says, For Aureliano Babilonia, the earth of the parchments he reviews is indistinguishable from his world, the world of the town, Macondo: for Aureliano, reading as a pocket addition of the interpretation gives way to a mode of b eing. Generations Repeated :: essays research papers Sine the start of the town Macondo, the Buendia family has made very poor decisions in their lifetime. The choices they have made have caused the generations from then on to be repeated. Descisions that had been made in the beginning were being made in the end. In the novel, One Hundred Years Of Solitude, Gabriel Garcia Marquez displays how poor decisions made in he beginning can effect life in the future. At the end of the book, Gabriel Garcia Marquez tells how aureliano has finished classifying the alphebet of the parchments made by Melquiedes six generations before. For instance, he says, "Melquiedes revealed to him that his opportunities to return to the room were limited" (Marquez 384). Melquiedes is warning him and trying to let him know that he will never be able to leave and have a normal life outside of Macondo. The mistakes made from his ancestors had condemned him to never getting out of Macondo. Initially, One critic states that the character is wishing to treasure his origins: the cost he pays is large because, in doing so, he is obligated to forget about his future.(Alicia Borinsky) The critic is sayin the author is wishing to find his origins. Resulting from families mistakes, he will have to pay and forget about his future. Everything that his family had done in the past, he will have to pay for in the future. While reading the prophecies, Aureliano discovers the mystery of the family. For instance, the author says, "Before reading the final line, however, he had already understood that he would never leave that room, for it was foreseen that the city of mirors(or mirages) would be wiped out by the wind and exiled from the memory of men at the precise moment when Aureliano Babilonia would finish deciphering the parchments, and that everything written on them was unrepeatable since time immemorial and forever more, because races condemned to one hundred years of solitude did not havea second opportunity on earth" (Marquez 448). The prophecies tell him he will never be able to leave the city. He will be exiled from his memory of everything. One critic says, For Aureliano Babilonia, the earth of the parchments he reviews is indistinguishable from his world, the world of the town, Macondo: for Aureliano, reading as a pocket addition of the interpretation gives way to a mode of b eing.

Dreams :: essays papers

Dreams FOUND: An intelligent young woman on the verge of graduating seeks an opportunity to further her education. Coming from a small family, this extremely driven and focused woman needs your help in pursuing her dreams. She would like nothing more than to have a chance to better herself and her future. Going to the college of her choice poses a problem to her family however. The lofty expense of tuition may deter her aspirations of earning a degree and a potential career as a physical therapist. With the generous help your association presents as scholarship money, she will be able to reach and excel past her goals. Goals are not a foreign idea to this talented young leader. Since the age of four she has been actively participating in many recreational and competitive soccer clubs. Together with her teammates, scoring and working towards a common goal has been the main purpose throughout her years of play. This game of skill and physical force has taught the young woman about herself and has taught her lessons that can be learned through life. Once a shy timid girl, she has gained an assertive attitude along with the courage to conquer anything that stands in the way of her dreams because of her partaking in soccer. Ambition, respect, motivation, intuition, and the simple idea that hard work combined with cooperation can lead to big rewards has all been expressed to this young woman because of the game, and she takes this off the field into her everyday life. The definition of hard work can only be compared to the course load that she has decided to undertake her senior year. While many of her friends already have started slacking off by taking all art classes, she has not been influenced by their decisions. Enrolled in honors classes such as English IV and Pre Calculus, doubling up on her science classes; Physics and Chemistry, while also partaking in after school activities and honor societies, it has proven to extend this woman to the furthest point of her potential. Everyday she endures a new task and undertakes it with the utmost responsibility and precision. The effort which she puts into her everyday tasks reflects what she has learned in these past months from balancing a heavy school load and numerous extracurricular activities.

Reality :: Eliot Maddy Wasteland Death Essays

Reality Death is something we all fear at one point in our lives; it binds us together as mortal human beings, and eventually touches us all. But in our consumer driven society the subject of death is often times lost among our busy schedules. Personally, I never have dealt with a setting which gave me cause to fear for my life, and not many people in this day and age are faced with such a tremendous circumstance. But during Elliot’s lifetime, people were faced with the fear of death every day, and even every moment. The situation of the times was hard on everyone, and just like death, it brought all of the social classes together under one roof. In T.S. Elliot’s The Wasteland death was immediately mentioned in the first (English) line (title of the first section), "The burial of the Dead." The line exemplifies a strong sense of reality and it justifies the title of the poem. Reality is one of Elliot’s strongest themes; he, by no means, skirts the issue of death. Looking over the first stanza, Eliot relates death to the people how they see it, and how it affects them. And it is here where it becomes apparent that Elliot wishes to relate his belief that death touches us all in the same way. The quote, "I will show you fear in a handful of dust" is very powerful, because it sums up the fear of the people in those times. The quote itself signifies the dust bowl that swept the prairie between WWI and WWII. People were starving because of drought and depression; they had no money, and were forced to sell their homes, to go live in cities, where disease and famine caused countless deaths. Cities were overrun with peop le; jobs were scarce, and people’s lives were often times expendable in the work place. Child labor was commonplace because it was necessary to feed the family; the small children were employed for meager wages and performed jobs which often cost them their lives. It was a time in our history where many people lost hope, and despair was found everywhere. After reading such a depressing line, I found it incongruous that directly after that quote, Elliot wrote: Frisch weht der Wind Der Heimat zu Mein Irisch Kind Wo weilest du? The translation of this piece states: The Wind blows freshly Towards the homeland My Irish Child Where are you roaming? The two phrases that caught my attention were, "The Wind blows freshly/Towards the homeland.

Role of Material Culture in Contemporary Graphic Design

This survey explores the function of material civilization in humanistic disciplines and design category at colleges in Singapore. Normally, pupils in a modern-day in writing design category face many troubles peculiarly in synergistic creative activity of humanistic disciplines and design. Basically, this survey tends to place and analyse the advantages of utilizing material civilization in a modern-day in writing design category. Furthermore, this paper besides attempts to plan an effectual course of study that will fulfill the demands of utilizing material civilization in a modern-day in writing design category. Concurrently, in writing design schools today face ever-increasing demands in their efforts to vouch that pupils are good equipped to come in the work force and voyage a complex universe. Research indicates that material civilization can assist back up larning refering civilization and past histories, and that it is particularly utile in developing the higher-order accomplishments of critical thought, analysis, and scientific enquiry. But the mere presence of material civilization in the schoolroom does non guarantee their effectual usage when it comes in adding cogency and substance to graphic design survey. This survey explores the assorted ways material civilization can be used to better how and what pupil learn in the schoolroom peculiarly in originative design and humanistic disciplines. Furthermore, this paper pointed out the usage of material civilization as an effectual acquisition tool in analyzing past history and civilization is more likely to take topographic point when e mbedded in a broader instruction reform motion that includes betterments in instructor preparation, course of study, pupil appraisal, and a school ‘s capacity for alteration. In this survey, the research worker investigated several variables that may act upon the development and advancement of pupils in different modern-day in writing design categories at colleges of Singapore. These included perceptual experiences of job trouble, originative designing, value of art, and quality of work. The research worker believes that enabling the pupils to utilize material civilization aided by the process in in writing design will ensue in effectual acquisition and apprehension in originative design and provides quality design and art. This research will analyse and look into the function of material civilization and personal perceptual experience of the pupils in Singapore. This shall include a treatment on the positive and negative variables related to material civilization and modern-day in writing design, an analysis of public presentation of the pupils in school in relation to material civilization was besides conducted. Particularly, the research will concentrate on analyzing the function of material civilization in modern-day in writing design provided by the school instructors/administrators. Basically, the consequences of the survey will take the research worker to the development and invent an effectual course of study in humanistic disciplines and design with regard to material civilization in in writing design.Problem StatementThis research worker finds the necessity for a survey that specifically tackles the effects of material civilization in modern-day in writing design at Colleges in Singapore. Spec ifically, this survey intends to research the important impact of this stuff to the Colleges in Singapore that are related in modern-day in writing design. It will show the public presentation of the pupils by placing failings and inefficiencies and urging solutions. Basically, the job of this survey is about conventional methodological analysis in learning which used a dry lector is truly dull and takes a batch of clip to complete a modular or course of study of each subject depending on lector capablenesss, accomplishments, handiness, temper and pupil indulgent of what their idea. That is non effectual for pupils to acquire an effectual manner to larn, there is a demand to acquire a new and effectual attack since material civilization may now touch the cultural and historical value of a certain art or design. The intent of utilizing material civilization in a modern-day in writing design category is to develop a better acquisition than conventional method in colleges but through the early opposition, it emphasized their ability to appreciate art and larn it cultural and historical value execute the complex undertakings needed in modern-day in writing design. Through material civilization pupil can develop a bond and apprehension of one ‘s traditional civilizations that motivate ocular communicating pupils to make strong cultural individuality in writing design. Furthermore, this survey will seek to reply the undermentioned questions: Can apprehension of one ‘s traditional civilizations motivate ocular communicating pupils to make strong cultural individuality in writing design? Can material civilization attention deficit disorder cogency and substance to graphic design survey?AimThis survey seeks to understand to the full how pupils ‘ consciousness of their traditional civilizations might be the factor that motivate them to research and research their civilizations as a in writing design subject.HypothesissThis paper will work on the undermentioned hypothesis: Material civilization in in writing design category in colleges dramas important consequence to the pupils ‘ consciousness of their traditional civilizations. Material civilization in in writing design category in colleges has important consequence to the memory keeping of the pupils when it comes in analyzing traditional civilization. Since it is exciting, disputing and merriment to utilize, so it encourages pupils to analyze the material civilization once more and once more. Material civilization has important consequence to the larning betterment of the pupils since it attaches to one ‘s traditional civilization.Definition of Key FootingsGraphic Design- Graphic Design is the procedure and art of uniting text and artworks and pass oning an effectual message in the design of Son, artworks, booklets, newssheets, postings, marks, and any other type of ocular communicating ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.geemultimedia.com.au/glossary.asp ) . Material Culture- Material Culture is a term frequently used by archeologists as a non-specific manner to mention to the artefacts or other concrete things left by past civilizations. An archaeologist therefore can be described as a individual who surveies the material civilization of a past society ( www.encyclopedia.com ) . Art- Art is the procedure or merchandise of intentionally set uping elements in a manner to impact the senses or emotions. It encompasses a diverse scope of human activities, creative activities, and manners of look, including music, literature, movie, sculpture, and pictures ( www.encyclopedia.com ) . Education- Education encompasses the instruction of specific accomplishments, and besides something less touchable but more profound: the conveyance of cognition, good judgement and wisdom. One of the cardinal ends of instruction is to leave civilization across the coevalss socialisation. ( www.encyclopedia.com ) Knowledge- Knowledge includes, but is non limited to, those descriptions, hypotheses, constructs, theories, rules and processs which to a sensible grade of certainty are either true or utile. ( www.encyclopedia.com ) School-A school is a type of educational establishment. The scope of establishments covered by the term varies from state to state. ( www.encyclopedia.com )Reappraisal of LiteratureWorld history has witnessed the birth, development, and accomplishments of the most gifted people. These people have their distinguishable gifts and country of command – literature, political relations, humanistic disciplines, scientific discipline, and so forth. Still, much of their success can be traced back to the sort of life and personality they had. Childhood experiences, support from people around them, environmental influences and personal motives frequently determine how a talented individual makes usage of his innate abilities to go an of import figure in his chosen field of expertness. The universe of humanistic disciplines is one of the most interesting subjects of survey. This field normally includes some of the most curious people who can show their personalities through alone pictures, sculptures, and drawings. Art instruction is culturally identified as a capable country that enables pupils to utilize their imaginativeness and creativeness to bring forth pieces of graphics from a broad assortment of stuffs. This designation may besides include the survey of celebrated creative persons and their well-known graphics ( Oliver, 2010 ) . On the other manus, the cultural individuality is constructed through assorted marks and symbols that the civilization property to art instruction. Symbols include art devising stuffs ( The Culture of Education in the Visual Arts, 1999 ) . These stuffs that are attached to one ‘s civilization were known as â€Å" material civilization † . Material civilizations are going known to the instructors in modern-day in writing design because of its motivational consequence to their pupils in analyzing civilization and art. In in writing design category, art symbol with regard to stuffs are important. An illustration of art instruction symbols are the assortment of medias- both two and three dimensional that are used to exemplify capable affair. In add-on to more practical symbols of art instruction are the human-centered symbols which may include linking with creative persons and their work, both modern-day and historical ( The Culture of Education in the Visual Arts, 1999 ) . The art and trades around communities, in shops and on postings will ever be a symbol of a contemplation of art instruction ( The Culture of Education in the Visual Arts, 1999 ) . Another aspect of making a cultural individuality is to reflect on the cultural rites that are frequently associated with art instruction. The most evident rites include the assorted procedures that are employed to do art. It is of import to retrieve that such rituals/processes are influenced by the geographical location of the school territory ( Oliver, 2010 ) . Another cultural rite attributed to art instruction is the physical presentation that the art instructor must supply for pupils in order to learn them specific techniques. This presentation frequently includes safety safeguards as rites that the pupils will so purely employ to make art without aching themselves with the tools in the devising ( Oliver, 2010 ) . Other ritual distinctive to art instruction is the pattern of reviewing pupils ‘ art work, frequently done by the whole category in order to supply constructive feedback and unfavorable judgment of the finished piece of art. One concluding rite that should be imperative to an art instruction plan is category field trips to museums, galleries, and creative persons ‘ studios that connect the acquisition of art in the school to really sing art in the community ( The Culture of Education in the Visual Arts, 1999 ) . It is of import to link these cultural rites and symbols of art instruction to non merely demo how they produce a cultural individuality, but besides organize a sense of societal solidarity among pupils, instructors, and communities ( Oliver, 2010 ) . The ocular humanistic disciplines or the in writing designs are humanistic disciplines that we see. It has its ain language-the linguistic communication of feelings, emotions and thoughts without words. We could detect the universe outside and inside us through ocular humanistic disciplines. The ocular creative person through mute can pass on with us when he creates ocular work of humanistic disciplines like painting. Paintings and plants of art in general are meant to travel us, particularly in ways that words frequently ca n't. Graphic designs inspired by stuff civilization play a major function non merely in academic intents but besides in wellness and Medicare related facet and in the community every bit good. It develops the intelligence and the overall personality of the pupils. Furthermore, in writing designs inspired by stuff civilization besides provide meaningful self-expression of all pupils. It is used in therapy processs for helping kid development. It assists in educating handicapped kids, particularly those who are unsighted and have hearing jobs. And eventually, ocular humanistic disciplines besides help in edifice communities and mural undertakings. In analyzing in writing designs inspired by material civilization, it shows that ocular humanistic disciplines and cultural individuality are related. The cultural individuality is constructed through assorted marks and symbols that the civilization property to art instruction.MethodologyThis subdivision of the research proposal discusses the meth ods to be used. This illustrates the method of research that identifies its pertinence. Likewise, the subdivision illustrates how the research was to be implemented and how to come up with relevant findings. Furthermore, this methodological analysis portion of the research underwent into several phases. In the research design, the research worker collected informations from pupils and instructors in some Colleges in Singapore that are utilizing material civilization in their in writing design category. At the clip of informations aggregation, the research worker gathered and amount upped the informations acquired from these resources. Study Puting In conformity to the end of this survey i.e. to look into the function of material civilization in modern-day in writing design, the research worker decided to carry on the probe in 10 Colleges in Singapore. Basically, in these 10 chosen schools in Singapore, a random sample of 10 pupils each will be chosen. The pupils to be included should be familiar to graphic design and material civilization. Research Design By and large talking, there are two research places, frequently call paradigms, which research workers can take from. The first is the quantitative paradigm in which research worker efforts to understand causal relationship of bing phenomena or efforts to spot the cogency of the theory in a peculiar societal context ( Creswell, 1994 ) . And since one of the intents of this survey determine the function of material civilization in modern-day in writing design, the quantitative research place is taken here because it is appropriate for the research intent. Aside from this, the 2nd attack, called the qualitative paradigm, is non chosen. Actually, as indicated in the paper of Daymon & A ; Holloway ( 2002 ) , the qualitative design the research worker assumes this place and efforts to understand a peculiar societal phenomenon by utilizing the histrions ‘ frame of mention. In add-on, informations are presented non in numerical signifier but in existent words which is in contrast to the purpose of this research. There are few research schemes that frequently used for carry oning research such as study, instance survey, action research, Ethnography etc. Harmonizing to Yin ( 2003 ) , there are three conditions to be considered for taking an appropriate research scheme i.e. : The type of research inquiry The extent of control an research worker has over existent behavioral events. The grade of focal point on modern-day as opposed to historical events From the paper of Saunders, et Al. ( 2007 ) , study attack frequently uses questionnaires to roll up a big sum of informations from a ample population in a extremely economical manner. Therefore, the study attack is normally able to use a more representative sample among a monolithic population for the survey, seeking to accomplish generalisibility of the consequences. The instance survey, nevertheless, harmonizing to Denscombe ( 1998 ) , is an probe that focuses on elaborate, in-depth descriptions and analysis of one or a few administrations. This attack is usually use to research the phenomenon by in-depth informations gained in the research context. This implies that the research consequences gained by instance survey can non be generalized to a larger population due to that the probe scope is limited. By sing this restriction of instance survey attack, the research worker opted to take the study method. Population and Sampling Plan The sample size consists of pupils, who are the logical key source related closely to the issue under probe, every bit good as the instructors totaling to 10 topics. There is no ground to believe that 10 instructors is non a big adequate sample size because ultimately it is this person who works straight with the issue and instructors has the most intimate cognition of the topic. Basically, the study respondents are asked sing their perceptual experience towards material civilization and in writing designing and pupil ‘s public presentation. In kernel, Guilford & A ; Fruchter ( 1973 ) argued that in taking sample sizes, the Slovin ‘s expression should be considered. Therefore, in choosing the sample size ( 100 pupils ) in this paper was identified by Slovin ‘s expression. The Slovin ( 1960 ) expression is given as: Where: e= needed mistake border ( percent demand for non-precision due to the usage of the sample as an option of the population ) . N= size of population n = size of sample Data Collection Procedures Yin ( 2004 ) provides six different beginnings of informations aggregation that is normally used in instance survey methodological analysis, which include certification, archival records, interviews, direct observation, participant observation and physical artefacts. The information aggregation method uses study and interview that is to take topographic point with the pupils and instructors, as these are the closest people working with the topic under examination here – Material civilization – and should function as the key source. In add-on, pupils are besides surveyed to understand how they feel about the usage of material civilization in their in writing design category since the instructor may supply colored information, nevertheless accessing the pupils is capable to the permission of the instructor who acts as the gatekeeper. If appraising the pupils is possible the study that pupils will make full out will be left on the instructors ‘ desk where they can make full it out and return it to a bead box in a closed envelope without a name or other placing information. The inquiries for the employees are created after a thorough reappraisal of literature. For certification that refers to secondary information about the material civilization and in writing designing, such considerations have been taken to cut down concerns as they would otherwise refer to bias or the dependability and cogency of the findings. Trusting on certification are used even if the pupils do take part since it strengthens the findings further ( Yin, 2003 ) . Documentation specifically includes public presentation studies and records, or books and journal articles discoursing material civilization and in writing design. Accessing of the instructor is traveling to take topographic point by first, directing the school an lineation of the survey and ethical content signifiers and arrange meeting, through the telephone or MSN given geographical restraints, to explicate what it is the research wishes to make and how it will profit the organisation. Ultimately, what the research worker wants to make is spot how preparation is able to increase pupils ‘ public presentation and the mechanisms that school in Singapore has in topographic point to guarantee this. Executing the above measure is utile since the gatekeepers are traveling to desire to protect the involvements of their pupils and the organisation ( Holloway & A ; Walker, 1999 ) . Overall, the attack above is based on dialogue, which as research workers note, â€Å" Access is negotiated and re-negotiated throughout the research procedure † ( Gubrium, & A ; Holstein, 2001, p. 301 ) . The instructor was besides assured that confidentiality – by non let go ofing information that they do non desire to be released — and namelessness – by utilizing anonym for pupils, participants and scenes — will be secured ( Daymon & A ; Holloway, 2002 ) . It is non unreasonable for the instructor to take part in the survey given the stairss executed above which are suggested by research methodological analysis practicians. Finally, research inquiries are based from the literature as is suggested by research methodological analysis practicians. Datas Analysis To find the perceptual experiences of the pupil respondents refering to material civilization and in writing design, the research worker a set of guide inquiries for the interview and prepared a questionnaire. A non-threatening questionnaire in nature that can be completed within 30 proceedingss are considered. The respondents graded each statement in the survey-questionnaire utilizing a Likert graduated table with a five-response graduated table wherein respondents are given five response picks. The tantamount weights for the replies are: When the full information consumer responses have been collected, the research worker used statistics to analyze it ; and was assisted by the SPSS in coming up with the statistical analysis for this survey. For the inside informations gathered from diaries, an rating was drawn in order to place the function of material civilization to modern-day in writing design. Furthermore, this research will use the several statistics in order to find the differences between their perceptual experiences towards the impact of material civilization on pupil ‘s public presentation and art grasp. As stated above, the research worker was aided by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences ( SPSS ) in the devising and creative activity of the statistical analysis for this survey. SPSS is one of the mainly and extensively accessible and powerful statistical package bundles that has a extended scope of statistical patterns, which permits a research worker to sum up information ( e.g. cipher standard divergences and agencies ) , identify whether there are major differences between groups ( e.g. , ANOVA & A ; t-tests ) , observe relationships among variables ( e.g. multiple arrested development & A ; correlativity ) and graph end product ( e.g. line graphs, saloon charts, pie chart, etc. ) ( Sauders, Lewis & A ; Thornhill 2007 ) .Reasoning RemarksSignificance This survey will be a important enterprise in advancing civilization consciousness among in writing design pupils. This survey will be good to future leaders. By understanding the demands of the pupils and the benefits of quality instruction, these practicians will be assured of a larger advancement public presentation. Furthermore, this research will supply recommendations on how to value pupils as they are taking a big portion in the overall public presentation of the school quality instruction. This survey would besides be of aid to those school and market scientists who are interested in happening out the societal deductions of the roar and the flop stages of the school industry. Furthermore, pedagogues can derive from this survey, as they find the connexion between how they have designed their course of study and what are the existent demands of the citizens. In that manner, they would be able to do immediate alterations, if necessary, or continued betterment of their plans, through farther surveies. Furthermore, it is hoped that this survey would assist the pupils to better acquisition and grasp accomplishment through Material civilization in Art and Design at colleges in Singapore because Material civilization has many advantages/effectiveness such as keeping and motivational factors in conformity to the tilting behaviour of pupil. Therefore, pupil can travel profoundly into each subject countries they need to larn without lector engagement because material civilization is related to the history of the humanistic disciplines they are comprehending. Furthermore, this paper introduced of import alterations in our educational system and gives a immense influence to the manner we communicate information with pupils. It would do them as an active participant in their ain acquisition procedure, alternatively of merely being inactive scholars of the educational content. Apparently, this research besides hoped can provides an chance to derive a greater apprehension of the factors that impact on the pupils ‘ experiences of material civilization in larning procedure. Finally, this survey would profit future research workers in the field of the, instruction, humanistic disciplines and design direction, concern and the societal scientific disciplines since it depicts the hereafter of the school industry and its varying effects to many sectors of society. Restrictions This survey will merely cover material civilization as portion of analyzing modern-day in writing design in humanistic disciplines and design for the college pupils in some colleges in Singapore. Basically, this paper will merely cover pupils selected from semester 1, conducted from some colleges in Singapore. As there are legion issues environing the school, this research will chiefly analyze plan development and public presentation advancement. The result of this survey will be limited merely to the informations gathered from books and diaries and from the primary informations gathered from the consequence of the questionnaire study and interview that will be conducted by the research worker. As the research was completed in a comparatively short period of clip other factors and variables are non considered. This might hold an impact on the consequences of the survey. Basically this research survey will enable the research worker to plan a quality course of study that will fulfill the demands of the pupils.